Moteri ya servo na robot bihindura ibyongeweho. Wige inama zigezweho hamwe nibisabwa mugihe ushyira mubikorwa imashini yimashini no kugenzura ibyerekezo bigezweho kubikorwa byongeweho kandi bikuramo, kimwe nibizakurikiraho: tekereza uburyo bwo kongeramo / gukuramo.
KUBONA AUTOMATION
Na Sarah Mellish na RoseMary Burns
Iyemezwa ryibikoresho bihindura ingufu, tekinoroji yo kugenzura ibyimuka, robot yoroheje cyane hamwe nuruvange rwa elektiki yandi tekinoroji yateye imbere nibyo bitera iterambere ryihuse ryibikorwa bishya byo guhimba hirya no hino mu nganda. Guhindura uburyo prototypes, ibice nibicuruzwa bikozwe, gukora inyongeramusaruro no gukuramo ni ingero ebyiri zingenzi zatanze umusaruro nigiciro cyo kuzigama amafaranga ashakisha gukomeza guhatana.
Bivugwa nkicapiro rya 3D, gukora inyongeramusaruro (AM) nuburyo budasanzwe gakondo bukoresha imibare yububiko bwa digitale kugirango habeho ibintu bikomeye-bingana ibintu bitatu muguhuza ibikoresho kumurongo uhereye hasi ukageza hejuru. Akenshi gukora hafi-net-shusho (NNS) idafite imyanda, gukoresha AM kubishushanyo mbonera byibanze kandi bigoye bikomeje gucengera mu nganda nkimodoka, ikirere, ingufu, ubuvuzi, ubwikorezi nibicuruzwa byabaguzi. Ibinyuranye na byo, uburyo bwo gukuramo bukubiyemo gukuramo ibice bivuye mu bikoresho ukoresheje gukata neza cyangwa gukora imashini kugira ngo ukore ibicuruzwa bya 3D.
Nubwo hari itandukaniro ryingenzi, uburyo bwo kongeramo no gukuramo ntabwo buri gihe butandukana - kuko bushobora gukoreshwa mugushima ibyiciro bitandukanye byiterambere ryibicuruzwa. Icyitegererezo cyambere cyangwa prototype ikorwa kenshi nuburyo bwo kongeramo. Iyo ibicuruzwa bimaze kurangira, hashobora gukenerwa ibyiciro binini, bikingura uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa. Vuba aha, aho umwanya ariwo shingiro, uburyo bwo kongeramo / gukuramo uburyo bukoreshwa mubintu nko gusana ibice byangiritse / byambarwa cyangwa gukora ibice bifite ireme hamwe nigihe gito cyo kuyobora.
AUTOMATE FORWARD
Kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byabakiriya, abahimbyi barimo guhuza ibikoresho byinsinga nkibyuma bitagira umwanda, nikel, cobalt, chrome, titanium, aluminium nibindi byuma bidasa mubyubatswe mubice byabo, bitangirana na substrate yoroshye ariko ikomeye kandi birangirana nibintu bikomeye, kwambara -ibintu bitarwanya. Mubice, ibi byagaragaje ko hakenewe ibisubizo bihanitse kugirango umusaruro ushimishije hamwe nubwiza haba mubidukikije byongeweho kandi bikurura, cyane cyane aho inzira nko gukora insinga zongera insinga (WAAM), WAAM-gukuramo, laser yambika-gukuramo cyangwa gushushanya. Ibikurubikuru birimo:
- Ikoranabuhanga rya Servo ryateye imbere:Kugirango ukemure neza intego-ku-isoko hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyabakiriya, aho bireba neza neza no kurangiza ubuziranenge, abakoresha amaherezo bahindukirira printer ya 3D igezweho hamwe na sisitemu ya servo (hejuru ya moteri yintambwe) kugirango igenzure neza. Inyungu za moteri ya servo, nka Sigma-7 ya Yaskawa, ihindura inzira yinyongera kumutwe, ifasha abahimbyi gutsinda ibibazo bisanzwe binyuze mubushobozi bwo kongera printer:
- Guhagarika kunyeganyega: moteri ikomeye ya servo irata ibiyungurura byo kunyeganyega, kimwe na anti-resonance na notch muyunguruzi, bitanga icyerekezo cyoroshye cyane gishobora gukuraho imirongo yintambwe ishimishije iterwa na moteri ya moteri ya moteri.
- Kongera umuvuduko: umuvuduko wo gucapa wa mm 350 / amasegonda ubu ni impamo, birenze gukuba inshuro ebyiri umuvuduko wo gucapa wa printer ya 3D ukoresheje moteri yintambwe. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umuvuduko wurugendo rugera kuri mm 1.500 / sek urashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje kuzenguruka cyangwa kugera kuri metero 5 / amasegonda ukoresheje tekinoroji ya servo. Ubushobozi bwihuta cyane butangwa binyuze muri serivise zikora cyane zituma imitwe ya 3D icapa yimurwa mumwanya wabyo byihuse. Ibi bigenda inzira ndende yo kugabanya ibikenewe kugirango buhoro buhoro sisitemu yose kugirango igere kumurongo wifuzwa. Ibikurikiraho, uku kuzamura mukugenzura kwimikorere bisobanura kandi ko abakoresha amaherezo bashobora guhimba ibice byinshi kumasaha badatanze ubuziranenge.
- Guhindura byikora: sisitemu ya servo irashobora kwigenga gukora ibyigenga byihariye, ibyo bigatuma bishoboka guhuza nimpinduka mubukanishi bwa printer cyangwa ibinyuranyo mubikorwa byo gucapa. Moteri ya 3D intambwe ntikoresha ibitekerezo byimyanya, bigatuma bidashoboka kwishyura indishyi mubikorwa cyangwa kunyuranya nubukanishi.
- Encoder ibitekerezo: sisitemu ikomeye ya servo itanga ibitekerezo byuzuye bya kodegisi ikeneye gusa gukora gahunda yo gutaha rimwe, bikavamo igihe kinini cyo kuzigama no kuzigama. Mucapyi ya 3D ikoresha tekinoroji ya moteri ikabura iyi mikorere kandi igomba guturwa buri gihe iyo ifite ingufu.
- Gutanga ibitekerezo: gusohora printer ya 3D birashobora kuba icyuho mugikorwa cyo gucapa, kandi moteri yintambwe ntabwo ifite ubushobozi bwo kumva ibitekerezo byo gutahura ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga - icyuho gishobora gutuma imirimo yandika yose yangirika. Hamwe nibitekerezo, sisitemu ya servo irashobora gutahura ibicuruzwa biva hanze kandi bikarinda kwamburwa filament. Urufunguzo rwo hejuru rwo gucapa imikorere ni ukugira sisitemu ifunze-izengurutswe hafi ya optique ya optique ya optique. Moteri ya Servo hamwe na 24-bit byuzuye byuzuye-encoder irashobora gutanga 16,777.216 bits yo gufunga-gusubiramo ibitekerezo kugirango habeho umurongo munini hamwe na extruder, hamwe no guhuza no kurinda jam.
- Imashini zikoresha cyane:Nkuko moteri ya servo ikomeye ihindura ibyongeweho, niko na robo. Imikorere yabo yinzira nziza, imiterere yubukanishi bukomeye hamwe no gukingira umukungugu mwinshi (IP) - ihujwe no kurwanya anti-vibrasiyo igezweho hamwe nubushobozi bwa axis nyinshi - bituma robot esheshatu zihinduka cyane uburyo bwiza bwibikorwa bisabwa bikikije ikoreshwa rya 3D Mucapyi, kimwe nibikorwa byingenzi kubikorwa byo gukuramo no kuvanga imvange / uburyo bwo gukuramo.
Imashini yimashini ishimangira imashini icapura 3D ikubiyemo cyane cyane gukora ibice byacapwe mumashini menshi. Kuva kumanura ibice kugiti cya mashini icapura, kugeza gutandukanya ibice nyuma yibice byinshi byacapwe, robot yoroheje kandi ikora neza itunganya ibikorwa kugirango byinjizwe neza kandi byunguke umusaruro.
Hamwe no gucapa 3D gakondo, robot zifasha mugucunga ifu, kuzuza ifu ya printer mugihe bikenewe no gukuramo ifu mubice byarangiye. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ikindi gice cyo kurangiza imirimo ikunzwe no guhimba ibyuma nko gusya, gusya, gusiba cyangwa gukata bigerwaho byoroshye. Ubugenzuzi bufite ireme, kimwe no gupakira hamwe n'ibikoresho bikenerwa nabyo byujujwe imbonankubone hamwe na tekinoroji ya robo, ibohora abayihimbye kugirango berekeze igihe cyabo ku mirimo yongerewe agaciro, nko guhimba ibicuruzwa.
Kubikorwa binini, ama robot maremare yinganda arakoreshwa kugirango yimure mu buryo butaziguye umutwe wa printer ya 3D. Ibi, bifatanije nibikoresho bya periferique nkibizunguruka shingiro, imyanya, umurongo ugaragara, gantries nibindi, bitanga umwanya wakazi usabwa kugirango habeho imiterere-yubusa. Usibye na prototyping ya classique yihuta, robot irakoreshwa muguhimba ibice binini byubusa byubusa, imiterere yububiko, inyubako ya truss yubatswe 3D hamwe nibice binini bivangavanze. - Imashini nini-Imashini Igenzura:Ikoranabuhanga rishya ryo guhuza amashoka agera kuri 62 yimikorere mubidukikije kimwe ubu ririmo guhuza byinshi murwego rwimashini nini za robo zinganda, sisitemu ya servo hamwe na disiki zihindagurika zikoreshwa muburyo bwo kongeramo, gukuramo no kuvanga bishoboka. Umuryango wibikoresho byose urashobora gukorana ubu hamwe mugenzuzi wuzuye no kugenzura PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) cyangwa umugenzuzi wimashini ya IEC, nka MP3300iec. Akenshi washyizweho na porogaramu ifite imbaraga 61131 IEC ya software, nka MotionWorks IEC, urubuga rwumwuga nkurwo rukoresha ibikoresho bizwi (urugero, RepRap G-code, Igikorwa cyo guhagarika Igishushanyo, Inyandiko yubatswe, Igishushanyo cyurwego, nibindi). Kugirango borohereze kwishyira hamwe no gutezimbere imashini igihe, ibikoresho byateguwe nkindishyi zingana kuringaniza uburiganya, kugenzura umuvuduko ukabije, kugenzura ibintu byinshi hamwe no kugenzura ibicuruzwa birimo.
- Iterambere ryabakoresha bambere:Byingirakamaro cyane mubisabwa mu icapiro rya 3D, gukata imiterere, ibikoresho bya mashini na robo, ibikoresho bitandukanye bya software birashobora gutanga byihuse byoroshye-guhinduranya imashini yimashini ishushanya, itanga inzira yuburyo bwinshi. Byashizweho no guhanga no gutezimbere mubitekerezo, urubuga rwimbitse, nka Yaskawa Compass, yemerera ababikora kuranga no guhitamo byoroshye ecran. Kuva ushizemo imashini yibanze kugirango ihuze ibyo umukiriya akeneye, porogaramu ntoya irakenewe - kuko ibyo bikoresho bitanga isomero ryagutse rya C # plug-ins mbere cyangwa igafasha kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byabigenewe.
Haguruka hejuru
Mugihe inzira imwe yo kongeramo no gukuramo ikomeje gukundwa, ihinduka ryinshi ryerekeza kuri Hybrid yongeweho / ikuramo izabaho mumyaka mike iri imbere. Biteganijwe ko iziyongera ku kigero cyo kwiyongera cy’umwaka (CAGR) cya 14.8 ku ijana muri 20271, imashini yongeramo imashini ikora imashini yiteguye kuzuza ibisabwa muguhindura ibyifuzo byabakiriya. Kugirango uzamuke hejuru yaya marushanwa, abayikora bagomba gupima ibyiza nibibi byuburyo bwa Hybrid kubikorwa byabo. Hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora ibice nkuko bikenewe, kugirango bigabanuke cyane ikirenge cya karubone, uburyo bwo kuvanga / gukuramo ibintu bitanga inyungu zishimishije. Ntakibazo, tekinoroji igezweho muribikorwa ntigomba kwirengagizwa kandi igomba gushyirwa mubikorwa hasi kugirango byorohereze umusaruro nubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-13-2021
